A trauma awareness workbook: understanding how trauma affects you, finding calm in your body, and building strength and support.
This workbook is a gentle companion to your healing. It explains how trauma affects the mind and body and offers practical tools to help you feel safer and more grounded. Go at your own pace. You don't need to finish every page, and you never need to write about anything you are not ready to share.
Reading about trauma can stir up difficult feelings, memories or body sensations. That is normal, and it doesn't mean you are doing anything wrong. These guidelines can help you use this workbook safely:
Trauma is a complex and deeply personal experience. It is not defined only by what happened, but by how an event affected you: when something overwhelms your ability to cope and leaves you feeling unsafe, helpless or alone. Two people can live through the same event and respond very differently. Neither response is "right" or "wrong."
| Type | What it can look like |
|---|---|
| Physical | Accidents, injuries, assault, medical procedures, natural disasters. |
| Emotional | Humiliation, rejection, betrayal, sudden loss or grief, ongoing criticism. |
| Psychological | Threats, control, manipulation, living with constant fear or unpredictability. |
| Single-incident | One overwhelming event, such as a car accident or a violent incident. |
| Complex | Repeated or long-lasting harm, often in childhood or in close relationships, where escape felt impossible. |
| Collective and displacement | War, forced migration, community violence, or losing your home, country or way of life. |
| Secondary (vicarious) | Being affected by witnessing or hearing about the trauma of others, often in caring roles. |
When we face danger, the nervous system acts automatically to protect us. It doesn't wait for our thinking brain to decide. These survival responses are not choices or weaknesses; they are the body doing its best to keep us alive.
Anger, irritability, tension, wanting to push back or defend.
Restlessness, panic, urge to escape, constant busyness.
Feeling stuck, numb, foggy, disconnected or "not really here."
Pleasing others, avoiding conflict, ignoring your own needs to stay safe.
After trauma, the nervous system can stay on high alert, reacting to reminders as if the danger were happening now. Healing helps the body learn that it is safe in the present.
We each have a "window" in which we can feel emotions and still think clearly. Trauma can make this window narrower, so we move more easily into overwhelm (hyperarousal) or shutdown (hypoarousal). Calming tools and therapy help widen the window over time.
When I'm above my window, I notice:
When I'm below my window, I notice:
Answer only what feels manageable. A word or short phrase is enough. You don't need to describe what happened.
| Experiences that may still affect me (a title or one word is enough) | |
| When or where do I feel unsafe or on edge? | |
| How does my body usually react (fight, flight, freeze, fawn)? | |
| What has helped me get through hard times before? |
This guided visualization creates an inner place you can return to whenever you need comfort. It can be real, remembered or completely imagined.
If unpleasant images or feelings appear, open your eyes, look around the room, and try a different place or a grounding exercise. This is common and okay.
| My calm place | |
| My cue word | |
| Distress before / after (0–10) |
After a frightening event, it is normal to feel shaken for days or weeks. For many people these reactions ease with time and support. When they continue for more than a month, or get in the way of daily life, they may be signs of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD is a treatable condition, not a personal failing.
| Group | What it can feel like |
|---|---|
| Re-experiencing | Flashbacks, nightmares, intrusive memories, strong reactions to reminders. |
| Avoidance | Staying away from people, places, conversations or feelings linked to the event. |
| Changes in thoughts and mood | Guilt, shame, blame, feeling detached, losing interest, trouble feeling positive emotions. |
| Hyperarousal | Being on guard, easily startled, irritable, trouble sleeping or concentrating. |
People who lived through long-lasting or repeated trauma may also struggle with intense emotions, a deep sense of being "not good enough," and difficulty trusting or feeling close to others. This is sometimes called complex trauma or complex PTSD.
Over the past month, how much have you been bothered by the following? Tick one box per row.
| Experience | Not at all | A little | Moderately | Quite a bit | Extremely |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Re-experiencing | |||||
| Unwanted, upsetting memories that pop into my mind | |||||
| Nightmares or disturbing dreams | |||||
| Feeling as if the event is happening again (flashbacks) | |||||
| Strong physical reactions to reminders (racing heart, sweating) | |||||
| Avoidance | |||||
| Avoiding thoughts or feelings about what happened | |||||
| Avoiding people, places or activities that remind me | |||||
| Thoughts and mood | |||||
| Blaming myself or feeling guilt or shame | |||||
| Feeling distant or cut off from others | |||||
| Losing interest in things I used to enjoy | |||||
| Feeling numb or unable to feel happiness or love | |||||
| Hyperarousal | |||||
| Being "on guard," watchful, or feeling unsafe | |||||
| Being easily startled by noises or movements | |||||
| Irritability or angry outbursts | |||||
| Trouble falling or staying asleep | |||||
| Difficulty concentrating | |||||
These are fictional examples, combining common experiences.
Eight months after a car accident, Maria avoids highways and feels her chest tighten whenever she hears brakes screech. She sleeps poorly and snaps at her children, then feels guilty. She thought she should "be over it by now." In therapy, she learned that her body was still trying to protect her, and step by step she began driving short distances again.
Oleh left his home city because of war. He is safe now, but fireworks and sirens make him freeze or want to run. He often feels numb and disconnected from his family, and he blames himself for leaving others behind. Learning grounding skills helped him notice when he was "back there," and EMDR therapy helped the memories feel less overwhelming.
Reminders (sometimes called triggers) are sights, sounds, smells, places, dates or feelings that bring the past into the present. Knowing yours helps you prepare and respond with care.
| Reminder | What I feel in my body | What I usually do | What could help instead |
|---|---|---|---|
Understanding where you are now, including your strengths, helps you and your therapist plan the next steps. Then, learning to calm your nervous system gives you tools you can use anywhere.
| How do past events show up in my life today? | |
| How do I usually cope with stress? Which ways help, and which cost me? | |
| What personal strengths have helped me survive and keep going? | |
| What would feeling "better" look like in my daily life? |
Use this space to write freely about your thoughts, feelings or hopes. Focus on how you feel now rather than details of the past.
Grounding brings your attention back to the present moment through your senses. It is especially helpful during flashbacks, panic or when you feel "far away." Slowly name:
| 5 | things you can see | 2 | things you can smell |
| 4 | things you can feel (feet on floor, chair, clothes) | 1 | thing you can taste, or one kind thing to say to yourself |
| 3 | things you can hear | Then say: "I am here, today is ______, and I am safe right now." |
If holding your breath feels uncomfortable, skip the holds and simply make your out-breath a little longer than your in-breath. That alone tells your body it is safe to settle.
Cross your arms over your chest so your fingertips rest just below your collarbones. Slowly tap left, right, left, right, like the wings of a butterfly, while breathing gently. Continue for a minute or two, noticing anything that feels calmer. Use it when you feel upset, or to strengthen your calm place.
Imagine a strong container, such as a safe, a chest or a sealed jar. Picture placing distressing thoughts, images or feelings inside it for now, and closing it securely. They are not gone; they are stored safely until you choose to work on them, ideally with your therapist. This can help when memories show up at difficult times, such as before sleep or at work.
| Tool I practised | When | Distress before (0–10) | Distress after (0–10) |
|---|---|---|---|
Resilience is not about "bouncing back" as if nothing happened. It is the ability to adapt, find meaning and keep moving forward, even with pain. It grows with practice, support and self-compassion. Many people also notice positive changes after trauma, such as deeper relationships, a new appreciation for life or a clearer sense of what matters. This is called post-traumatic growth, and it can exist alongside hurt.
Circle or tick the qualities you recognize in yourself, even a little. Ask someone who knows you well to add more.
Other strengths I have:
| A difficult time I got through, and what helped me | |
| Which strengths did I use then? | |
| Who or what gave me hope? |
All coping strategies made sense at some point. Some help in the long run; others bring relief now but cost us later. Notice yours without judgement.
| Ways of coping that help me | Ways of coping that cost me | One small change I could try |
|---|---|---|
Write on the tree: in the roots, the people, values and experiences that ground you; on the trunk, your core strengths; on the branches, skills and resources you use; and in the leaves, your hopes and dreams.
Trauma often leaves behind a harsh inner voice. Try speaking to yourself the way you would speak to a dear friend. Use this template to create affirmations that feel true for you, or at least a little true:
"I am [positive quality], and I have the strength to [action]."
Example: "I am resilient, and I have the strength to take one small step today."
My affirmations:
Trauma often happens in isolation, and healing happens in connection. Reaching out is a sign of strength, not weakness. You do not have to do this alone.
Trauma-focused therapy can help the mind and body process difficult memories so that they have less power over the present. Approaches offered at the Centre include:
| EMDR | Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing uses bilateral stimulation (such as eye movements or tapping) to help the brain reprocess distressing memories, so they feel less vivid and upsetting. |
| CBT | Cognitive Behavioural Therapy helps you notice and change unhelpful thoughts and patterns connected to trauma. |
| DBT | Dialectical Behaviour Therapy builds skills for managing intense emotions, distress and relationships. |
| ACT and MBCT | Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy help you relate to painful thoughts and feelings with openness while moving toward what matters to you. |
| Clinical hypnosis | A focused, relaxed state used to strengthen calm, inner resources and a sense of safety. |
Write names in each circle. In the centre is you; closest to you are the people you trust most. It is okay if some circles are empty right now. This shows where you might build connection.
| Type of support | Name(s) and contact |
|---|---|
| Family | |
| Friends | |
| Therapist or doctor | |
| Support groups | |
| Online communities | |
| Faith, cultural or community groups |
Fill this in when you feel calm, and keep it somewhere easy to find, such as on your phone or fridge.
| Early warning signs that I'm leaving my window (thoughts, feelings, body) | |
| Things I can do on my own to calm down | |
| My calm place and cue word | |
| People and places that help me feel safe | |
| People I can contact for help (name and number) | |
| Reasons to keep going, and what matters most to me | |
| My therapist or counsellor (name and contact) |
| Resource | Details |
|---|---|
| Canadian Mental Health Association, York Region and South Simcoe | Local counselling and support programs: cmha-yr.on.ca/get-support/osp |
| Government of Canada | Mental health support and where to get help: canada.ca › Mental health support: Get help |
| ConnexOntario | Free, confidential information about mental health and addiction services in Ontario: 1-866-531-2600 |
Olena Pkhaladze offers trauma-focused therapy, including EMDR,. Book a session at olenapkh.janeapp.com or learn more at olenapkhaladze.com.